Among college freshmen, family support was more strongly related to institutional and goal commitment for African Americans than Caucasians conversely, peer support was more strongly related to institutional and goal commitment among Caucasians. Among pregnant adolescents, levels of spiritual support were higher for African Americans than Caucasians additionally, peer support was positively related to well-being only for African Americans whereas partner support was positively related to well-being only for Caucasians. Partially consistent with a cultural specificity perspective, in different contexts different support sources were higher in level and/or more strongly related to adjustment for one ethnic group than the other. Levels and correlates of parental support, peer support, partner support, and/or spiritual support among African American and Caucasian youth were examined in three contexts: adolescent pregnancy (Study 1), first year of college (Study 2), and adolescence and young adulthood (ages 15–29 Study 3).
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